Which analysis method involves examining the relationship between two distinct variables?

The correct method for examining the relationship between two distinct variables is the scatter diagram. This graphical representation plots individual data points for two variables on a Cartesian plane, allowing one to visually assess the correlation or relationship between them. By observing the pattern and direction of the points, it becomes possible to identify trends, such as whether an increase in one variable corresponds to an increase or decrease in the other. This is particularly useful in project management and data analysis, as it assists in identifying potential causal relationships that can inform decision-making and strategy.

Utilizing a scatter diagram can highlight the strength and nature of the relationship—whether linear or non-linear—between the variables, which is essential for further analysis and interpretations. This method serves as a fundamental tool in exploratory data analysis, making it invaluable for understanding complex datasets and drawing conclusions based on variable interactions.